Cortese – Refreshing white wine with Piedmontese origins
Introduction to the grape variety
The Cortese grape variety is a white grape variety that is mainly grown in the Italian region of Piedmont. It is also known in Lombardy and Veneto under the name ‘Bianca Fernanda’. The Cortese grape variety was first mentioned in 1798 as an important grape variety in the province of Alessandria. It is an early-ripening vine, but it buds late and is therefore considered to be relatively early maturing. Cortese is characterised by its vigorous growth and high yields, which is why it is often regarded as an important grape variety in Italy.
Cortese grape variety: a traditional wine with many names
The Cortese grape variety is a white variety from northern Italy, whose origins are closely linked to Piedmont. It has been cultivated there for centuries, especially in the province of Alessandria. It has been documented since 1798 under the name Bianca Fernanda, as well as under other synonyms such as Corteis, Courteisa and Curteisa. In official registers, it is often found as Cortese dell'Astigliano, Courteis, Courteisa, Courtesia, Fernanda Bianca and Raverusto. This multitude of names reflects its long history and regional significance.
Curteisa as the most important grape variety in the Gavi region
In Piedmont, Curteisa is considered the most important grape variety for the production of the famous white wine Gavi. This wine has established itself beyond the country's borders and stands for freshness, elegance and fine aromas. Gavi wine bears the DOCG designation of origin, which underlines its high quality and international reputation. The vine produces wines that are dry, fragrant and lively – perfect for summer or as an accompaniment to light cuisine.
Characteristics of the grape and vine
Cortese is a vigorous variety and produces consistently high yields with the right care. The grape ripens almost 15 days after Gutedel, which classifies it as an early ripening variety. The cone-shaped grape is medium to large in size, usually slightly shouldered and loosely clustered. The berries are golden yellow in colour, often with a reddish tinge. The greenish-yellow young leaves are covered with a cobweb-like film, and the leaves themselves are sometimes seven-lobed and deeply indented. Due to its early ripening – around 15 days after Gutedel – the variety is well suited to cultivation in temperate climates.
Vineyards planted with Cortese: then and now
In the 1990s, a total of 2,951 hectares of vineyards were planted with Cortese in Italy. These areas were concentrated in northern Italy, particularly around Gavi and the DOC regions of Lombardy and Veneto. Although cultivation is in slight decline, the variety remains a stable part of the Italian wine landscape. Targeted pruning of the grapes is necessary to keep yields from becoming too limited and to ensure the quality of the wines.
Cortese wines: taste, aroma and style
Cortese wines are characterised by a delicate acidity, fresh citrus notes and floral accents. They are lively on the palate, with aromas of green apples, lemon, white peach and herbs. The structure is light to medium-bodied, with a finish that is often mineral in character. The taste is vaguely reminiscent of Pinot Grigio, but remains distinctive and more subtle in its aromas. Cortese wines are generally dry, delicately aromatic and have citrus notes.
Cortese in the kitchen – wine and food
A Cortese goes well with Mediterranean cuisine. It harmonises particularly well with dishes containing seafood or asparagus. Recommended pairings include:
- grilled calamari with lemon and garlic
- vitello tonnato
- asparagus risotto with fresh goat's cheese
- leafy salads with seafood or cream cheese
The wine also reveals its character particularly well with mild hard cheeses or smoked ham. On warm days, a well-chilled Cortese is ideal as an aperitif wine.
Care and challenges in cultivation
Although Cortese delivers robust yields, the variety is susceptible to grey rot. Careful yield regulation and targeted foliage management are therefore crucial. The variety produces consistently high yields, but without targeted pruning, the wines can become watery and flat. However, with good care, it offers stable quality and aromatically clear wines. Thanks to its early ripening, it is also suitable for cooler wine-growing regions.
The grape variety in modern wine culture
The Cortese grape variety plays an important role in modern wine culture. It is often used to produce high-quality wines such as DOCG Gavi and DOC wines Bianco di Custoza, Colli Tortonesi, Cortese dell'Alto Monferrato, Garda, Monferrato, Oltrepò Pavese and Piemonte. The Cortese grape variety is also known for its freshness and acidity, which is why it is often considered an ideal accompaniment to fish dishes and seafood. Cortese wines are also known for their nuances of mint, peach and lemon. A total of 2,951 hectares of vineyards are planted with Cortese in Italy, which underlines the importance of this grape variety.
Significance for the region and international interest
The grape variety has a firm place in Piedmontese identity. Winemakers not only in Italy but also in Switzerland and Austria are showing interest in developing this variety. Its good ageing potential with reductive vinification and its clear style make Cortese an interesting product for the international market. Many winemakers with Italian roots have contributed to the spread of this grape in other regions, such as California and Australia.
Conclusion
Overall, the Cortese grape variety is an important and popular grape variety in Italy. It is known for its freshness, acidity and nuances of mint, peach and lemon. The Cortese grape variety is often used to produce high-quality wines and is therefore an important foundation of Italian wine culture. The grape variety is also known for its yields and strong growth, which is why it is often considered an important grape variety in Italy. The Cortese grape variety is therefore an important part of Italian wine culture and will continue to play an important role in the future. The Cortese grape variety is also known by other names, such as Bianca Fernanda, Corteis, Cortese Bianca, Cortese Bianco, Cortese d'Asti, Cortese dell'Astigliano, Courteis, Courteisa, Courtesia, Fernanda Bianca and Raverusto.
Frequently asked questions (FAQ) about Cortese wines
What is Cortese?
Cortese is a white grape variety from Piedmont, known for fresh, fragrant white wines such as Gavi. It is one of the many grape varieties grown in Italy.
What does Cortese taste like?
Cortese tastes fresh, lemony, slightly mineral, with notes of apple, citrus and white peach.
Is Gavi a grape?
No, Gavi is a wine designation – the wine is made from the Cortese grape.
What type of wine is Cortese?
Cortese is a dry, fresh white wine with fine acidity – mostly from Piedmont.
Is Cortese similar to Pinot Grigio?
Cortese is reminiscent of Pinot Grigio, but is lighter, more citrusy and often slightly more elegant in its aromas.